The following passage refers back to verses 2, 5, and 6,
So the men went, passed through the land, and wrote the survey in a book in seven parts by cities; and they came to Joshua at the camp in Shiloh (Joshua 18.9).
It tells of the work of getting the seven last tribes of Israel their inheritance in the Land of Canaan. Therefore, it is only an incidental reference to the number seven.
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Sevens in the Bible 
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